Gaseous N losses from soil are considerable, resulting mostly from ammonia volatilization linked to agricultural activities such as pasture fertilization. The use of simple and accessible measurement methods of such losses is fundamental in the evaluation of the N cycle in agricultural systems. The purpose of this study was to evaluate quantification methods of NH3 volatilization from fertilized surface soil with urea, with minimal influence on the volatilization processes. The greenhouse experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with […]

The occurrence of Umbric Ferralsols with thick umbric epipedons (> 100 cm thickness) in humid Tropical and Subtropical areas is a paradox since the processes of organic matter decomposition in these environments are very efficient. Nevertheless, this soil type has been reported in areas in the Southeast and South of Brazil, and at some places in the Northeast. Aspects of the genesis and paleoenvironmental significance of these Ferralsols still need a better understanding. The processes that made the umbric horizons […]

An experiment was conducted in a growth chamber to evaluate characteristics of the rhizosphere of maize genotypes contrasting in P-use efficiency, by determining length and density of root hairs, the rhizosphere pH and the functional diversity of rhizosphere bacteria. A sample of a Red Oxisol was limed and fertilized with N, K and micronutrients. In the treatment with the highest P level, 174 mg kg-1 P was added. Each experimental unit corresponded to a PVC rhizobox filled with 2.2 dm-3 […]

In view of the size of the Amazon region and the need to establish connections between landscape and soil characteristics, the aim of this study was to investigate soil-landscape relationships in a toposequence on granite substrate in Santo. Antônio Matupi, Manicoré, AM. The study was carried out along a transect of 3,000 m from the top downwards, where different slope segments were identified. Profile pits were opened in each slope segment, the soils were morphologically characterized and samples collected from […]

Nitrogen influences the processes of morphogenesis and tillering in Poaceae. However, its effect on maize tillering is unknown. The purpose of this study was to assess whether N rates and application time affect tiller emission, survival and contribution to maize grain yield. The experiment was set up in Lages, Santa Catarina State, Brazil, in the growing seasons of 2006/07 and 2008/09. The experimental design was arranged in randomized blocks with split plots. In the first year, the main plots consisted […]

The clay fraction mineralogy and the granular structure of Oxisols in the Cerrado (Brazilian savanna) are the reason for the great volume of large pores as well as of extremely small pores, but no significant medium pore volume, resulting in low available water for plants. This study aimed to characterize and model the behavior of water retention in Oxisols with different texture classes of the Cerrado region. Samples were collected from the Bw horizon of 10 Oxisols under native vegetation. […]

The different periods of tillage and forms of management may influence the availability of nutrients, including P. The objective of this study was evaluate the beans plants response to phosphate fertilizer in four Cerrado Latosols with different land use history. Samples of a clayey dystrophic Red Latosol (LVd1), a high medium texture Red Latosol (LVd2), a medium dystrophic Red-Yellow Latosol (LVAd1) and a low medium texture Red-Yellow Latosol (LVAd2) were collected in 0-20 cm depth layer in cultivated areas and […]

The monitoring of soil quality based on physical properties is important for the evaluation and maintenance of the sustainability of agricultural systems. An indicator property of soil quality should be sensitive to management changes. This study aimed to evaluate the S parameter as an indicator of soil physical quality and aggregation of an Oxisol, managed for 11 years in systems with and without the inclusion of off-season cover crops. The treatments consisted of: conventional system (SC) and conservation systems with […]

Soil functions and quality are closely linked to soil structure. The effect of management practices on the recovery of the aggregation of a physically degraded soil was studied based on the distribution of water-stable aggregates and single particles (diameter classes 9.51-4.76, 4.76-2.00, 2.00-0.25, 0.25-0.053, < 0.053 mm) and carbon stock (C) in the surface layer (0-7.5 cm) of a Paleudult in the Central Depression region of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, under different management systems. The following […]

The effect of potting mix and phosphate fertilization on the production of rooted cocoa tree cuttings was evaluated and recommended rates and critical foliar P levels were determined based on a factorial 5 x 5 + 1 experiment: five potting medium (coconut fiber CF and Plantmax® mix), five P rates at planting (0 to 800 mg dm-3) and an additional P treatment (applied on the 30th day). Each plot contained 27 cuttings, of which 12 rooted cuttings were evaluated. From […]