Carbon Stocks in Compartments of Soil Organic Matter 31 Years after Substitution of Native Cerrado Vegetation by Agroecosystems
13/abr/2016
ABSTRACT Changes in carbon stocks in different compartments of soil organic matter of a clayey Latossolo Vermelho Distrófico (Typic Haplustox), caused by the substitution of native savanna vegetation (cerrado sensu stricto) by agroecosystems, were assessed after 31 years of cultivation. Under native vegetation, a stock of 164.5 Mg ha-1 C was estimated in the 0.00-1.00 m layer. After 31 years of cultivation, these changes in soil C stocks were detected to a depth of 0.60 m. In the case of […]
Cover Crops and Nitrogen Fertilization Effects on Nitrogen Soil Fractions under Corn Cultivation in a No-Tillage System
13/abr/2016
ABSTRACT The use of cover crops has recently increased and represents an essential practice for the sustainability of no-tillage systems in the Cerrado region. However, there is little information on the effects of nitrogen fertilization and cover crop use on nitrogen soil fractions. This study assessed changes in the N forms in soil cropped to cover crops prior to corn growing. The experiment consisted of a randomized complete block design arranged in split-plots with three replications. Cover crops were tested […]
Soil Physical Quality and Soybean Yield as Affected by Chiseling and Subsoiling of a No-Till Soil
13/abr/2016
ABSTRACT The concept of soil physical quality (SPQ) is currently under discussion, and an agreement about which soil physical properties should be included in the SPQ characterization has not been reached. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the ability of SPQ indicators based on static and dynamic soil properties to assess the effects of two loosening treatments (chisel plowing to 0.20 m [ChT] and subsoiling to 0.35 m [DL]) on a soil under NT and to compare the […]
Sampling Position under No-Tillage System Affects the Results of Soil Physical Properties
13/abr/2016
ABSTRACT Understanding the spatial behavior of soil physical properties under no-tillage system (NT) is required for the adoption and maintenance of a sustainable soil management system. The aims of this study were to quantify soil bulk density (BD), porosity in the soil macropore domain (PORp) and in the soil matrix domain (PORm), air capacity in the soil matrix (ACm), field capacity (FC), and soil water storage capacity (FC/TP) in the row (R), interrow (IR), and intermediate position between R and […]
Physical Properties of a Hapludox after Three Decades under Different Soil Management Systems
12/abr/2016
ABSTRACT Changes in soil physical properties due to different management systems occur slowly, and long-term studies are needed to assess soil quality. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of soil management systems and liming methods on the physical properties of a Latossolo Bruno Alumínico típico (Hapludox). A long-term experiment that began in 1978 with conventional and no-tillage systems was assessed. In addition, different liming methods (no lime, incorporated lime, and lime on the soil surface) have […]
Changes in Soil Organic Carbon Fractions in Response to Cover Crops in an Orange Orchard
06/abr/2016
ABSTRACT The cultivation of cover crops intercropped with fruit trees is an alternative to maintain mulch cover between plant rows and increase soil organic carbon (C) stocks. The objective of this study was to evaluate changes in soil total organic C content and labile organic matter fractions in response to cover crop cultivation in an orange orchard. The experiment was performed in the state of Bahia, in a citrus orchard with cultivar ‘Pera’ orange (Citrus sinensis) at a spacing of […]
Phosphorus Forms in Ultisol Submitted to Burning and Trituration of Vegetation in Eastern Amazon
06/abr/2016
ABSTRACT The use of fire to prepare agricultural areas is a technique still used by small farmers in eastern Amazon. This type of management changes the dynamics of soil nutrients, especially phosphorus, which constitutes the most limiting nutrient for crop production in tropical soils. This study was carried out to evaluate changes in phosphorus forms in an Argissolo Amarelo Distrófico (Ultisol) submitted to burning and trituration of secondary forest in eastern Amazon. The evaluated systems were: slash-and-burn of vegetation; slash-and-mulch […]
Potential of Spectroradiometry to Classify Soil Clay Content
06/abr/2016
ABSTRACT Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) is a fast and cheap alternative for soil clay, but needs further investigation to assess the scope of application. The purpose of the study was to develop a linear regression model to predict clay content from DRS data, to classify the soils into three textural classes, similar to those defined by a regulation of the Brazilian Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Food Supply. The DRS data of 412 soil samples, from the 0.0-0.5 m layer, […]
DESEMPENHO DO SORGO SACARINO EM FUNÇÃO DA COMPACTAÇÃO DO SOLO E ÉPOCA DE SEMEADURA EM SAFRINHA NO CERRADO BRASILEIRO
01/dez/2015
RESUMO Entre as matérias-primas renováveis destinadas à produção de etanol, distinção vem sendo dada ao sorgo sacarino, destacando-se o fato de ser uma cultura totalmente mecanizável. Entretanto, o uso intensivo de máquinas agrícolas provoca degradação estrutural do solo, principalmente quando realizada em condições inadequadas de umidade. Objetivou-se avaliar a qualidade física de um Latossolo Vermelho Distroférrico sob compactação e componentes do rendimento de sorgo sacarino para épocas de semeadura em safrinha no Cerrado brasileiro. O experimento foi instalado no delineamento […]
VARIABILIDADE ESPACIAL DE ATRIBUTOS DO SOLO EM UM ASSENTAMENTO DE REFORMA AGRÁRIA
01/dez/2015
RESUMO O estudo da variabilidade de atributos químicos e físicos do solo é muito importante para realizar seu manejo de forma adequado. Este trabalho objetivou avaliar a variabilidade espacial de atributos do solo no assentamento Malhada do Meio, para subsidiar o planejamento do uso do solo. O assentamento Malhada do Meio, localizado em Chapadinha, MA, possui uma área de 630,86 ha. A vegetação é de Floresta Estacional Decidual Submontana e Savana Estépica. A geologia é formada por arenitos e siltitos […]