Volume 35, Number 4, 2011

The cultivar Gold (MD-2) has attracted interest in Brazil, with a view to fresh pineapple export. However, little scientific information is available on the nutritional management of this cultivar in the country. This study aimed to determine the effect of N, P and K fertilization on the nutritional status, development, yield and fruit quality of MD-2 pineapple plants. Five doses of N; P2O5 and K2O, were studied and the leaf ‘D’ development, the N, P and K levels, and fruit […]

The watermelon is cultivated mainly by small producers, in sandy soils under conventional tillage, with occurrence of high erosion taxes, since the crop doesn’t form canopy capable to cover the soil entirely. Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus L.) was evaluated under different cultivation systems on an Ultisol in the Central Depression of RS, Brazil, in an experiment in the 2008/2009 growing season. On 48 m2 plots in a randomized block design with four repetitions, the following cultivation systems were tested: conventional tillage […]

The mountainside region of Rio de Janeiro (Região Serrana Fluminense) has many freshwater springs and the State´s largest remaining area of Atlantic Rainforest. It is important to know and control the harmful effects of soil erosion in order to harmonize environmental preservation with the intensive vegetable production in this mountain region. The purpose of this paper was to study soil loss by erosion and the hydrological components in an area with a slope gradient of 65 cm m-1. The study […]

Inadequate usage can degrade natural resources, particularly soils. More attention has been paid to practices aiming at the recovery of degraded soils in the last years, e.g, the use of organic fertilizers, liming and introduction of species adapted to adverse conditions. The purpose of this study was therefore to investigate the recovery of physical properties of a Red Latosol (Oxisol) degraded by the construction of a hydroelectric power station. In the study area, a soil layer about 8m thick had […]

Carbon and N stocks in soils are determined by the balance between addition and losses, and tillage and cropping systems are decisive in this process. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of soil management systems based on tillage, cover crops and P fertilization on C and N stocks in physical fractions of the soil organic matter and on microbial biomass and respiration in a soil after 11 years under soybean-maize rotation. The experiment was initiated in 1999 in an […]

Native pastures in southern Brazil are used for cattle and sheep grazing. The forage offer in the spring-summer season is greater than the animal requirement, so the forage left over is usually burned. Pasture burning mineralizes nutrients and leaves the soil bare, triggering water erosion. This study aimed to quantify total soil and water losses and P, K and NH4+ contents in the runoff water from an Oxisol with native pasture. In the treatments, the native pastures, were i) unburned […]

Hydro-sedimentologic models are useful in the environmental analysis of unmonitored watersheds. However, the models must be calibrated and validated for accurate predictions. The objective of this study was to calibrate MUSLE for the conditions of the Piripipau river basin (Brazil), using hydrologic and sedimentologic data from 1999 to 2005, and to validate the calibrated model with another data set (1998, 2006-2009). MUSLE’s a coefficient was calibrated fitting observed and calculated sediment yield values of individual events, using observed hydrologic data […]

Heavy metal pollution of soils has increased significantly in the last years owing to anthropic action. Several techniques can be used to revert or to minimize soil contamination, although many of these techniques are harmful to the soil. An alternative is to use a new technique, called phytoremediation, based on the ability of plants to take up elements from soils with excessive high levels of metals or of other potentially toxic elements and thus contribute to soil decontamination. The inoculation […]

Synthetic root exudates were formulated based on the organic acid composition of root exudates derived from the rhizosphere of aseptically grown corn plants, pH of the rhizosphere, and the background chemical matrices of the soil solutions. The synthetic root exudates, which mimic the chemical conditions of the rhizosphere environment where soil-borne metals are dissolved and absorbed by plants, were used to extract metals from sewage-sludge treated soils 16 successive times. The concentrations of Zn, Cd, Ni, Cr, and Cu of […]

Studies on sewage sludge (SS) have confirmed the possibilities of using this waste as fertilizer and/or soil conditioner in crop production areas. Despite restrictions with regard to the levels of potentially toxic elements (PTE) and pathogens, it is believed that properly treated SS with low PTE levels, applied to soil at adequate rates, may improve the soil chemical and microbiological properties. This study consisted of a long-term field experiment conducted on a Typic Haplorthox (eutroferric Red Latosol) treated with SS […]