Volume 33, Number 6, 2009

Structural changes caused by management systems to soil can result in compaction and may change crop root development. With the aim to evaluate the effects of the farming systems on the soil structure by qualitative (cultural profile) and quantitative (soil density) methodologies, a field study was carried out in Maringá, state of Paraná, Brazil (23 º 29 ‘ S, 51 º 59 ‘ W). A conventional tillage system with crop succession of corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean (Glycine max) […]

The system of no-till sowing stands out as being a technology that suits the objectives of more rational use of the soil and greater protection against the erosion. However, through till, any of it, occurs modifications of the soil’s structure. This current work aims to study the influence of the energy state of the water and of the organic matter on the mechanism of compaction of Red Oxisol under no-till management system. Humid and non-deformed sample were collected in horizon […]

Soil air permeability (Ka

Dispersed information on water retention and availability in soils may be compiled in databases to generate pedotransfer functions. The objectives of this study were: to generate pedotransfer functions to estimate soil water retention based on easily measurable soil properties; to evaluate the efficiency of existing pedotransfer functions for different geographical regions for the estimation of water retention in soils of Rio Grande do Sul (RS); and to estimate plant-available water capacity based on soil particle-size distribution. Two databases were set […]

The structural modeling of spatial dependence, using a geostatistical approach, is an indispensable tool to determine parameters that define this structure, applied on interpolation of values at unsampled points by kriging techniques. However, the estimation of parameters can be greatly affected by the presence of atypical observations in sampled data. The purpose of this study was to use diagnostic techniques in Gaussian spatial linear models in geostatistics to evaluate the sensitivity of maximum likelihood and restrict maximum likelihood estimators to […]

The phenomenon of dispersion of soil clay can be caused by the quality of irrigation water. This study investigated the effect of irrigation water with different electric conductivities (EC), combined with different Sodium Adsorption Relation (SAR) values on clay dispersion in soil commonly found in the state of Minas Gerais, with different mineralogies. The samples were collected from the B horizon of three soils (Oxisols) in Viçosa, Belo Horizonte and Barroso, respectively, with high levels of the clay minerals kaolinite, […]

The use of humic (HA) acids together with mineral and organic fertilizers probably modifies the natve soil humic acids’In the São Francisco Valley, Northeast Brazil, organic acids have gain interest of growers using irrigated agriculture. But so far, the possible modifications of the native soil humic substances under application of organic acids along with mineral and organic fertilizers are not known. The objective of this study was to evaluate and characterize the qualitative changes in humic acids extracted from a […]

Eucalyptus grandis and other clonal plantations cover about 3.5 million ha in Brazil. The impacts of intensively-managed short-rotation forestry on soil aggregate structure and Carbon (C) dynamics are largely undocumented in tropical ecosystems. Long-term sustainability of these systems is probably in part linked to maintenance of soil organic matter and good soil structure and aggregation, especially in areas with low-fertility soils. This study investigated soil aggregate dynamics on a clay soil and a sandy soil, each with a Eucalyptus plantation […]

Soil plays an important role in the C cycle, and substitution of tropical forest by cultivated land affects C dynamic and stock. This study was developed in an area of expansion of human settlement in the Eastern Amazon, in Itupiranga, State of Pará, to evaluate the effects of native forest conversion to Brachiaria brizantha pasture on C contents of a dystrophic Oxisol. Soil samples were collected in areas of native forest (NF), of 8 to 10 year old secondary forest […]

Humic acids (HA) directly stimulate several physiological processes that promote plant growth, particularly of the root system. Knowledge about the chemical nature and the role of HA in the effects observed under biofertilization and biostimulation is essential to develop HA-based biological resources. The aim of this study was to evaluate a possible relationship between the distribution of the apparent molecular weight of HA isolated from vermicompost and the response in root growth promotion. HA sub-fractions were obtained through preparative chromatography […]