Volume 39, Number 4, 2015

As opposed to objective definitions in soil physics, the subjective term “soil physical quality” is increasingly found in publications in the soil physics area. A supposed indicator of soil physical quality that has been the focus of attention, especially in the Brazilian literature, is the Least Limiting Water Range (RLL), translated in Portuguese as “Intervalo Hídrico Ótimo” or IHO. In this paper the four limiting water contents that define RLL are discussed in the light of objectively determinable soil physical […]

In the geomorphological unit of the Coastal Tablelands of Brazil there is a predominance of cohesive soil horizons and some with the presence of cemented horizons, commonly of the fragipan type. These horizons interfere with water dynamics, root growth, and, consequently, mineral nutrition of plants. The objective of this study was to use selective dissolution to evaluate the participation of forms of Fe, Si, or Al, or their combination, in the cohesion or cementation or both of fragipans and cohesive […]

The production of soil maps through digital soil mapping (DSM) techniques may be hampered due to the lack of traditional reference soil maps. In these situations, the tacit knowledge of the field soil scientist can be used for manual delineation of soil mapping units (MUs) based on generation of a map of occurrence of soil types predicted by DSM. The objective of this study was to evaluate and to compare soil maps generated by two methods. One method, called “direct […]

In order to study sampling techniques useful for digital soil mapping (DSM), we evaluated the effect of changes in sampling density, based on data from areas already mapped by traditional methods, in regard to the accuracy of decision trees models for generating soil maps using DSM. In two watersheds in northwestern Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, 1:50,000 scale conventional soils maps were used as reference maps. From the ASTER – GDEM Global Digital Elevation Model and the hydrographic network, maps […]

The identification of variability patterns through soil properties allows land use and occupation in a sustainable manner. The aim of this study was to ascertain the potential of magnetic susceptibility of the soil and landscape models in defining areas for specific management practices through the use of mathematical tools. The study area is in the municipality of Guariba, SP, Brazil. We chose an area of 110 ha in which three geomorphic surfaces (I, II, and III) had been identified and […]

Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) may benefit from biological N 2 fixation, but inconsistent responses of the crop to rhizobium inoculation indicate the need for supplemental mineral N fertilization. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the response of the common bean crop to rhizobium inoculation in association with supplemental mineral N in the Cerrado (Brazilian tropical savanna) and Atlantic Forest biomes. Four field experiments were carried out, two in Santo Antônio de Goiás (State of Goiás), one in Valença […]

Plant species that naturally occur in the Brazilian Caatinga (xeric shrubland) adapt in several ways to these harsh conditions, and that can be exploited to increase crop production. Among the strategic adaptations to confront low water availability, desiccation tolerance stands out. Up to now, the association of those species with beneficial soil microorganisms is not well understood. The aim of this study was to characterize Tripogon spicatus diazotrophic bacterial isolates from the Caatinga biome and evaluate their ability to promote […]

Many forested areas have been converted to intensive agricultural use to satisfy food, fiber, and forage production for a growing world population. There is great interest in evaluating forest conversion to cultivated land because this conversion adversely affects several soil properties. We examined soil microbial, physical, and chemical properties in an Oxisol (Latossolo Vermelho distrófico) of southern Brazil 24 years after forest conversion to a perennial crop with coffee or annual grain crops (maize and soybeans) in conventional tillage or […]

Soil properties become quality indicators as they come to be used to monitor soil changes through time. Under the hypothesis that the soils of the Chapada do Apodi (Apodi Plateau), CE, Brazil, underwent changes in physical quality through use, and that management systems lead to a new state of equilibrium in these properties, the aim of this study was to analyze the degree of these changes to ascertain whether soil use is leading to a process of physical degradation. A […]

A toposequence has soils with distinct structural and morphological properties that may affect soil susceptibility to structural deformation in short spatial distances. The objective of this study was to evaluate soil load-bearing capacity and susceptibility to compaction, and quantify the effects that loads above and below preconsolidation pressure cause on soil permeability to air in a toposequence of the Central Lowlands of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Undisturbed soil samples were collected from horizons of soil profiles of three Alfisols […]