Volume 25, Number 3, 2001

Understanding the characteristics and properties of the soils of the state of Rio Grande do Sul low lands, which are being used now with the culture of irrigated rice, is indispensable for the adoption of practices involving irrigation, drainage, correction of acidity and fertility. Mainly when high productivity levels are desired with lower cost and with fewer possibilities of soil and air degradation. The objective of this work was to evaluate compaction of a Planossolo cultivated under different handling systems […]

Soil compaction has been a very common problem on the fields, affecting growth and yield of the crops as well as soil and water conservation. In order to study this problem, five winter green manure species (Vicia sativa; Raphanus sativus; Lupinus albus; Avena strigosa and Avena sativa) were cultivated in four soil profiles with increasing levels of subsurface compaction (soil bulk densities: 1.31, 1.43, 1.58 and 1.70 Mg m-3). The experiment was carried out in pots under greenhouse conditions at […]

Plant water and nutrient uptake depends on several factors, mainly on the soil depth explored by the roots. Some soil factors and processes can limit root growth. The objectives of this study were: (a) to quantify the relationships among corn root density with several soil properties and to identify which of these attributes restrict root growth in the Bt horizon and corn yield; (b) to measure the temporal variation of the soil water content to verify if plants extract water […]

Humus forms allow the characterization of either a natural forest ecosystem or disturbed forests. Under this perspective, we aimed to identify the humus forms in three Tabuleiro Forest sites in northern Espírito Santo: two primary forests, “Mata Alta” and “Mata de Córrego”, and one secondary forest resulting from slash and burn, over 40 years old (Capoeira Queimada). Therefore, the holorganic horizons were studied in regard to the pedological parameters of the mineral soil. At “Mata Alta”, a mesotrophic mull was […]

The occurrence of iron-manganese concretions, which vary in diameter and shape, are common in limestone-derived soils from northern Minas Gerais, Brazil. Normally, they tend to increase their size with depth in Cambisols (Inceptisols) and Vertisols, and to remain small in Latosols (Oxisols), where they are smoother and more rounded. Aiming to study them, concretions in the B horizons of Red Latosols, B and BC horizons of Cambisols and C horizons of Vertisols were collected and grouped according to their average […]

The use of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria can be a low-cost alternative to agroforestry systems in the Amazônia, where prices, transport, and producers’ low buying capacity make the use of soluble fertilizers difficult. On soils without a cultivation past, phosphates are combined mainly to Al, while on previously limed and cultivated soils, these phosphates are combined with Ca, limiting their use by plants. There is little information on phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (BSF) in the Amazon; thus, further studies are needed. The first step […]

This study was carried out in the 1994/95, 1996/97, 1997/98 and 1998/99 cropping seasons, to evaluate the efficiency of the Bradyrhizobium strains as recommended by research, evaluation and biological nitrogen fixation efficiency of competitiveness of soybean crop under no-tillage. The experiments were carried out at FUNDACEP, in Cruz Alta, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, in an area cultivated under no-tillage over five to ten years. In the year of 1994/95, the treatments were: non-inoculated control; 200 kg ha-1 of nitrogen […]

The soil contains a large variety of macroscopic and microscopic organisms, which compete for the available resources. Fertilizers and pesticides usually applied in soil to increase the agricultural production may determine environmental changes. Among the edaphic organisms, earthworms are outstanding for their number and role they play on soil characteristics. The performance of earthworms on the persistence, transformation and bioaccumulation of simazine was assessed in a soil treated with the herbicide. The earthworms were sensitive to simazine [CL50(14 days) of […]

This study analyzes homogenous stands of Eucalyptus grandis and Pinus caribaea var. hondurensis in different growth stages as well as fragments of natural vegetation of “Cerrado” and Atlantic Forest. The climatic, edaphic and floristic conditions of the chosen areas are representative of the native forests and forest plantations established at the Western plateau of the state of São Paulo. Soil samples (0-15 cm) were incubated under aerobic and anaerobic laboratory conditions by successive periods of 3, 3, 4, 4, 6 […]

This research aimed to evaluate the influence of nitrogen sources and application time on yield and quality of bean seed cropped in the winter period. A clayey typic Haplustox was used in a 2 x 7 factorial scheme, with 2 N sources (urea and ammonium sulfate) and 7 application time combinations (0-0, 0-75, 15-60, 30-45, 45-30, 60-15, and 75-0 kg ha-1 of N, respectively at sowing time and 22 days after plant emergence). Treatments were supplied 60 kg ha-1 P2O5 […]