Generally, in tropical and subtropical agroecosystems, the efficiency of nitrogen (N) fertilization is low, inducing a temporal variability of crop yield, economic losses, and environmental impacts. Variable-rate N fertilization (VRF), based on optical spectrometry crop sensors, could increase the N use efficiency (NUE). The objective of this study was to evaluate the corn grain yield and N fertilization efficiency under VRF determined by an optical sensor in comparison to the traditional single-application N fertilization (TSF). With this purpose, three experiments […]

The use of cover crops is a practice that can improve the physical quality of soils. The objective of this work was to evaluate the potential of intercropping of summer legumes with maize to improve soil physical properties. The study was conducted in the field from September 2008 to September 2009, in an Ultisol in Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with five treatments and four replications. The treatments consisted of […]

The results of ecological restoration techniques can be monitored through biological indicators of soil quality such as the leaf litter arthropod fauna. This study aimed to determine the immediate effect of brushwood transposition transferred from an area of native vegetation to a disturbed area, on the leaf litter arthropod fauna in a degraded cerrado area. The arthropod fauna of four areas was compared: a degraded area with signal grass, two experimental brushwood transposition areas, with and without castor oil plants, […]

The sampling scheme is essential in the investigation of the spatial variability of soil properties in Soil Science studies. The high costs of sampling schemes optimized with additional sampling points for each physical and chemical soil property, prevent their use in precision agriculture. The purpose of this study was to obtain an optimal sampling scheme for physical and chemical property sets and investigate its effect on the quality of soil sampling. Soil was sampled on a 42-ha area, with 206 […]

The presence of compacted layers in soils can induce subprocesses (e.g., discontinuity of water flow) and induces soil erosion and rill development. This study assesses how rill erosion in Oxisols is affected by a plow pan. The study shows that changes in hydraulic properties occur when the topsoil is eroded because the compacted layer lies close below the surface. The hydraulic properties that induce sediment transport and rill formation (i.e., hydraulic thresholds at which these processes occur) are not the […]

The soil hydraulic conductivity K is a property that expresses the ability of the soil in conducting water. It is important for soil management, crops yield and the preservation of soil and environment. The soil hydraulic conductivity can be determined by means of laboratory and field methods, the first better experimentally controlled and the second with less degree of soil disturbing. Among the field methods, the instantaneous profile one is the most used, both the original and the modified in […]

The assessment of soil quality is based on indicators and indices derived from soil properties. However, intrinsic soil properties may interfere with other soil properties that vary under different land uses and are used to calculate the indices. The aim of this study was to assess the extent to which intrinsic soil properties (clay and iron oxide contents) explain variable soil properties (sum of bases, potential acidity, organic carbon, total porosity, and bulk density) under different land uses (native forest, […]

The cohesive nature of horizons of certain soils interferes directly with plant growth, by reducing the effective soil depth, plant root volume and seedling emergence, due to the decreased availability of water and air in the soil. This paper aimed to use soil physical characteristics to describe the cohesive character and the influence of the soil landscape position on two slopesof soils developed from sediments of the Macacu Formation in Itaboraí, RJ, Brazil. The soils of both slopes were classified […]

Unplanned urbanization along the Jacarecica river basin in Maceió (AL), causes major environmental issues. The substitution of vegetated by urban areas reinforces these impacts. However, the potential effect of these changes on the sediment yield is unknown. In this work, we evaluated changes in the sediment yield of the Jacarecica river basin in 2010, caused by changes in the soil cover due to urbanization using mathematical modeling. The results showed that the month with the highest production yielded more than […]

Unbalanced amounts of Ca2+, Mg2+ and K+ in soils as a consequence of high gypsum applications can be due to the relationship in size (ionic radius) and charge density (charge/ionic radius) of each ionic species. The higher the ionic strength, the stronger is the bonding of these cations with the opposite charge ions such as OH–, SO4-2. Thus, excessive gypsum applications, disregarding the charge balance of the soil colloidal system, the ionic balance of the solution, and the CEC, can […]