The criteria currently used in Southern Brazil for the definition of the nitrogen (N) rate to be applied in maize are based on the soil organic matter content, the expected grain yield and the characteristics of the previous crop. Although the carbon:nitrogen (C/N) ratio is high, black oat is the most commonly used winter species antecedent to commercial summer crops. This characteristic can result in soil N immobilization, N plant deficiency and reduced grain yield in maize. Although the antecedent […]

In Rio Grande do Sul state, the area cultivated with under no-till system now amounts to 60 % of the total rain-fed cultivated area. However, there are still doubts as to crop practices in this soil conservation system, such as liming and fertilization as well as regarding root growth and crop productivity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of lime doses and application forms on corn root development. The experiment was carried out in 1999/2000, in the […]

In untilled soils with green manure cultivation in during the dry season and the management of the nitrogen fertilization usually change the dynamics and the recovery of the nitrogen in the soil-plant system. The objective of this study was to evaluate the amount of native soil nitrogen absorbed by corn under no-tillage and submitted to different N rates in succession to sunnhemp (Crotalaria juncea), millet (Pennisetum americanum) and fallow in a Red Latosol in the Cerrado. The experiment was carried […]

Maize genotypes with contrasting genetic variability have different yield potential. This distinct yield potential may be partially caused by differences in the root system morphology or in the nutrient uptake kinetics parameters. This study aimed to assess such morphological and physiological plant attributes of three maize genotypes with different genetic bases. A single-cross hybrid (P32R21), a double-cross hybrid (Traktor) and an open-pollinated variety (BRS Planalto) were studied. The uptake kinetics parameters (maximum influx – Imax, Michaelis-Mentem constant – Km, and […]

Green manure is one way of supplying organic matter to soil. The mixed cultivation of crops may be an alternative to increase nutrient cycling and to improve productivity. To evaluate intercrops of green manure and corn, soil chemical characteristics, green manure dry matter production and its mineral composition and corn yield were determined in a field experiment carried out between 1995 and 1997 on an Aleudalf Soil in Piracicaba, state of São Paulo, Brazil. Corn was sown in rows spaced […]

The objective of monitoring the adequate nitrogen (N) content in maize is to determine when a nutrient application becomes necessary, since the use of high doses of this nutrient may contaminate superficial and underground waters with nitrate. This experiment was conducted to evaluate the chlorophyll content in leaves, measured by a chlorophyll meter, as an indicator of the N level in maize, at four growth stages, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, during the growing season 1999/2000. […]

Nitrogen accumulation in corn plant is highly influenced by N content in soil and by rate of its absorption by plant in a given growing stage. In order to compare the effects of N application methods on N accumulation and dry matter production by corn plant, an experiment was carried out in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, over the 1998/99 growing season. Treatments consisted of two levels of water availability, one adequate to corn crop needs and […]

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of P rates and placement on P uptake, leaf P use efficiency (PUE), and grain yield of corn (Zea mays) grown in a Yellow Argissol soil, typical of the coastal tablelands.Rates of 0, 45, 90, 135 and 180kgha-1 of P2O5 were applied in either the rows or broadcast.The study was carried out during the rainy season, from June to September of 1998, at Umbaúba Experimental Station, at Umbaúba (SE), Brazil.Broadcast […]

The use of green manure to establish diversity and equilibrium of a crop system is one of the paragons in modern agriculture.Soil samples and green manure species intercropped with maize were evaluated in a field experiment, from 1995 to 1997, carried out in an Aleudalf Soil, located in Piracicaba (SP)Maize seeds were planted at 0.90 meter spacing within lines totaling 50,000 plants per hectare.The treatments were performed with four green manure species: dwarf mucuna (Mucuna deeringiana (Bort.) Merr), dwarf pigean […]

For most conditions, nitrogen is the nutrient that most affects corn yield.Nitrogen management should meet this crop requirement with a minimum environmental risk.To achieve this goal, nitrogen fertilization recommendation should be as precise as possible.The overall adoption of no-till and cover crops in Southern Brazil demands an adaptation of such recommendation.This recommendation was based on the CFS-RS/SC (1995) and its main modification was taking into account the contribution of the previous cover crop to N availability, besides the organic matter […]