ABSTRACT Natural phosphate rocks (PR) are characterized by low phosphorus (P) solubility in water. Acidulation is the normal method to raise P solubility of these materials, however, it increases the cost and causes operational issues. The aim of this study was to evaluate the agronomic efficiency of partially acidulated and micro-granulated Arraias phosphate rock, which has a lower P content (6.88 %) than normal apatite concentrates. Two experiments were carried out in a greenhouse at the University of Rio Verde, […]

The soil P sorption capacity has been studied for many years, but little attention has been paid to the rate of this process, which is relevant in the planning of phosphate fertilization. The purpose of this experiment was to assess kinetics of P sorption in 12 representative soil profiles of the State of Paraíba (Brazil), select the best data fitting among four equations and relate these coefficients to the soil properties. Samples of 12 soils with wide diversity of physical, […]

Pasture is the main form of land use in Amazonia. Over time the pasture grass loses vigor and yields decrease, indicating a certain degree of degeneration. The main causes of degradation are lack of pasture maintenance and subsequent weed infestation, the choice of regionally unsuitable forage species and excessive grazing. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of different recovery managements on soil chemical properties and grass yield of a degraded pasture in Rondônia. For this […]

Organic acids can be adsorbed onto soil colloids, increasing the P availability to plants. Isotherms were used to evaluate the influence of fulvic acid (FA) on P adsorption in the clay fraction of two Rhodic Ferralsols (LVdf) and (LVd), poor crystallized natural kaolinite (KGa2), synthetic goethite (Gt) and hematite (Hm). The P adsorption isotherms adjusted to the Langmuir model in the presence of FA were suitable only for the region of low P concentration. In general, the presence of FA […]

Arbuscular mycorrhizae (AM) are mutualistic symbiotic associations between fungi of the phylum Glomeromycota and most terrestrial plants. The formation and functioning of AM depend on a complex signal exchange process, which ultimately results in shifts in the metabolism of the symbionts and differentiation of a symbiotic interface in cortical root cells. The mechanisms regulating AM development are not well understood, but it is known that phosphate (P) concentration in plants plays a key role in this process. Plant P concentration […]

Phosphorus (P) is one of the most critical elements for agriculture, not only by the high P requirement for adequate crop growth and development, but also by the gradual scarcity of its natural sources. The differentiation among genotypes is required for further mechanism investigation, and to combine different mechanisms at the same individual which might allow superior tolerance. This work aimed to differentiate, in hydroponic solution, wheat genotypes with contrasting P deficiency tolerance. Three studies were carried out. In the […]

The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the effects of arbuscular mycorrhiza, the plant P nutritional status and increasing levels of P in nutrient solution on Zn toxicity to Trema micrantha (L.) Blum. In a first experiment trema seedlings were grown in a substrate with increasing P rates [0, 100, 200 and 400 mg dm-3 as Ca(H2PO4)2], besides a mycorrhizal treatment inoculated with Glomus etunicatum (Ge). After 60 days of growth, the plants were transferred to pots with Clark’s nutrient solution […]

Interactions between P and S anions and soil colloids are significant, mainly those rich in iron and aluminum oxides, whose electric surface charges vary according to the pH and ionic strength of the solution. The objective of this study was the evaluation of phosphate and sulfate adsorption on surface and subsoil samples of a clayey Anionic Acrudox, a medium-textured Anionic Acrudox and a clayey Rhodic Kandiudalf from the northern region of the State of São Paulo, Brazil. Maximum phosphate and […]

Manures used as phosphorus sources may have different efficiencies from those of commercial soluble fertilizers. These efficiencies may vary according to the manure origin and to the proportions of its total P in different chemical fractions. A greenhouse experiment was conducted in order to estimate the efficiencies of dairy cattle and chicken manures as phosphorus source, in comparison to triple superphosphate (TSP), as well as to relate these efficiencies to their P fractions. The treatments were: control, without fertilizer or […]