ABSTRACT Population growth increases the need for food production, coupled in may cases with the indiscriminate use of fertilizers and incorporation of transgenic plants in the production system. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of cadmium on the growth of Bt transgenic corn and non-transgenic corn, inoculated with mycorrhizal fungi under controlled conditions. For that purpose, an experiment was set up in a 5 × 4 × 2 factorial arrangement with five Cd rates (0, 28.5, […]

Arbuscular mycorrhizae (AM) are mutualistic symbiotic associations between fungi of the phylum Glomeromycota and most terrestrial plants. The formation and functioning of AM depend on a complex signal exchange process, which ultimately results in shifts in the metabolism of the symbionts and differentiation of a symbiotic interface in cortical root cells. The mechanisms regulating AM development are not well understood, but it is known that phosphate (P) concentration in plants plays a key role in this process. Plant P concentration […]

The presence of plants stimulates soil microbiota, which may contribute to soil remediation. It is of great interest to quantify these effects on heterotrophic microorganisms due to their practical and ecological relevance. The following factors were evaluated: bacterial cell density, enzymatic activity, bacterial community structure and the spontaneous occurrence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in the plant rhizosphere in an area of land farming of petrochemical wastes, using a rhizospheric soil under five plants and control soil without plants. The […]

Soil contamination by organic compounds, especially by the petroleum-derived, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), is a growing problem with serious environmental consequences. To evaluate the environmental impact of these products it is important to understand their effects on plants and the associated microbiota. The effects of PAHs on growth and mycorrhizal colonization of Brachiaria brizantha and Pueraria phaseoloides were evaluated here. Two PAHs, anthracene and creosote, were applied to a soil infested with the mycorrhizal fungus Glomus etunicatum at varied concentrations: […]

The influence of two species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on the ATPase and pyrophosphatase activities of corn root microsomes was investigated at 20, 30, 40, and 60 days after planting. The microsomes were isolated by cell fractionation from corn roots colonized with Glomus clarum or Gigaspora margarita. Both fungi led to a significant increase in the ATPase and pyrophosphatase activities though the highest activities were observed in roots colonized with G. clarum. Kinetics analysis suggested that mycorrhizal colonization promoted a […]

This greenhouse experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and Rhizobium on dry matter production, N uptake and efficiency of use in Eucalyptus grandis and Sesbania virgata plants grown in intercropping systems. The transfer of N from Sesbania virgata to Eucalyptus was also evaluated, using the isotope 15N. The treatments were: with or without inoculation of both plant species with AMF and with or without inoculation of S. virgata with Rhizobium. Plastic pots divided […]

The effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and Rhizobium on P uptake and efficiency of use, as well as on the P fractions of Eucalyptus grandis grown in an intercropping system with Sesbania virgata were evaluated under greenhouse conditions. The treatments were: with or without inoculation with AMF of both plant species and with or without inoculation with Rhizobium of S. virgata plants only, in four replications. The two plant species were grown together in pots with a volume of […]

The objective of this work was to study the association between soybean (Glycine max L. Merr. cv. IAC 8) and two different arbuscular-mycorrhizal (AM) fungi (Gigaspora margarita or Glomus intraradices), grown under increasing rates of phosphorus (0, 25, 50, 100 and 200 mg kg1) and harvested at four times (15, 30, 60 and 90 days). The assessed variables were: shoot dry weight, pod dry weight, root colonization by AM fungi, the concentrations of N, P, K, S, Ca, Mg, Fe, […]

The response of “trema” (Trema micrantha (L) Blum.) and “fedegoso” (Senna macranthera Rich.), both native woody species, to phosphorus (P), nitrogen (N) and inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF) was studied in pots using a low-fertility clayey Dark Red-Latosol (Oxisol) Sample. The study, composed of two experiments, was carried out under greenhouse conditions at the Soil Science Department of Universidade Federal de Lavras, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, from march 1993 to april 1994. Both species grew poorly in the […]